Bursae are saclike structures between skin and bone or between tendons, ligaments, and bone. They are lined by synovial tissue, which produces fluid that lubricates and reduces friction between these structures. Bursitis occurs when the synovial lining becomes thickened and produces excessive fluid, leading to localized swelling and pain.[1, 2, 3]
Olecranon bursitis, shown here with the elbow flexed. Image courtesy of UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, www.DoctorFoye.com, and www.TailboneDoctor.com. 
Olecranon bursitis aspiration of a hemorrhagic effusion. Image courtesy of UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, www.DoctorFoye.com, and www.TailboneDoctor.com. 
Location of pes anserine bursa on the medial knee. MCL is medial collateral ligament.
Pretell et al described distal "Z" lengthening of the fascia lata in 13 hips and reported that 12 of the 13 patients reported good results. According to the authors, this technique is less aggressive and can be performed under local anesthesia with little morbidity and disability. Mean surgical time for the procedure was 15 minutes, and 1 seroma was reported as a complication.[5]
According to Martinez-Taboada et al, in patients with severe septic bursitis, but without extensive cellulitis, aspiration plus I.V. cloxacillin may be sufficient treatment, and in patients with more severe cases of septic bursitis, aspiration along with cloxacillin plus gentamicin may be appropriate in the majority. The investigators studied 82 patients with severe septic bursitis, and the most frequent bacterium isolated was Staphylococcus aureus
Olecranon bursitis, shown here with the elbow flexed. Image courtesy of UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, www.DoctorFoye.com, and www.TailboneDoctor.com. Olecranon bursitis aspiration of a hemorrhagic effusion. Image courtesy of UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, www.DoctorFoye.com, and www.TailboneDoctor.com. Location of pes anserine bursa on the medial knee. MCL is medial collateral ligament. Recent studies
In a study of 25 cases of postarthroplasty trochanteric bursitis requiring corticosteroid injection, Farmer et al found that corticosteroid injections were effective treatment and that nonoperative management may be more likely to fail in young patients and patients with leg-length discrepancies. Of the 25 hips, 11 required multiple corticosteroid injections, and symptoms resolved in 20 but not in 5 cases.[4]Pretell et al described distal "Z" lengthening of the fascia lata in 13 hips and reported that 12 of the 13 patients reported good results. According to the authors, this technique is less aggressive and can be performed under local anesthesia with little morbidity and disability. Mean surgical time for the procedure was 15 minutes, and 1 seroma was reported as a complication.[5]
According to Martinez-Taboada et al, in patients with severe septic bursitis, but without extensive cellulitis, aspiration plus I.V. cloxacillin may be sufficient treatment, and in patients with more severe cases of septic bursitis, aspiration along with cloxacillin plus gentamicin may be appropriate in the majority. The investigators studied 82 patients with severe septic bursitis, and the most frequent bacterium isolated was Staphylococcus aureus
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